AI in Sustainable Chip Design and Manufacturing

AI in Sustainable Chip Design and Manufacturing (PPT)

AI in Sustainable Chip Design and Manufacturing (Brief Transcript)

1. Submission of Designed Chip for Fabrication through openEBL-2025-05

2. Chip designed and submitted by Subhash Arya

3. Use of AI for Large-Scale Management of Multi-Project Wafer (MPW)

4. SiEPIC Repository at GitHub

5. Layout of MZI-based Thermo-Optic Phase Shifter

My First Photonic Chip Design: MZI as an example (Detailed Video: 43 minutes)

My First Photonic Chip Design: MZI as an example (Quick Video: 09 minutes)

Ph.D. (ECE) produced by Prof. Subhash C. Arya, NEHU, Shillong

 This list is as on December 2022.

What is open access provision in SiPh technology?

 

What is open access?

As far as Open-Access Silicon Photonics (OA-SiPh) technology ecosystem is concerned, the first question which comes into our mind is what is  Open-Access?  In the context of SiPh chip fabrication, Open-Access does not mean that the end-user need not pay for costs occurring from chip fabrication.  Open-Access (OA) means the chip fabrication company imposes little or no restrictions on fabricating Photonic Integrated Circuits (PICs) for third parties.  In this way, OA is a facility provided by chip fabrication foundries to the end users via their designated brokers.

 

जहां तक ​​ओपन-एक्सेस सिलिकॉन फोटोनिक्स (OA-SiPh) टेक्नोलॉजी इकोसिस्टम का सवाल है, तो सबसे पहला सवाल जो हमारे दिमाग में आता है वह है ओपन-एक्सेस क्या है? SiPh चिप निर्माण के संदर्भ में, ओपन-एक्सेस का मतलब यह नहीं है कि अंतिम उपयोगकर्ता को चिप निर्माण से होने वाली लागतों के लिए भुगतान करने की आवश्यकता नहीं है। ओपन-एक्सेस का मतलब है कि चिप निर्माण कंपनी तीसरे पक्ष के लिए फोटोनिक इंटीग्रेटेड सर्किट (पीआईसी) बनाने पर बहुत कम या कोई प्रतिबंध नहीं लगाती है।  इस तरह, OA एक ऐसी सुविधा है जो चिप फैब्रिकेशन फाउंड्री द्वारा अंतिम उपयोगकर्ताओं को उनके नामित दलालों के माध्यम से प्रदान की जाती है।

What is the need for OA?

The following query arises about what a requirement of OA is.  Can the chip fabrication be done without OA?  The answer to both these questions lies in the prohibitive cost of chip fabrication, including its design using electronic design automation (EDA) tools and process design kit (pdk), foundry investments, and execution, testing, and packaging.  The production of an Integrated Circuit (IC) chip is an extremely costly affair, and therefore, its expenses need to be shared to make it feasible, accessible, and affordable for design engineers and consumers.

अगला प्रश्न इस बारे में उठता है कि OA की आवश्यकता क्या है। क्या चिप का निर्माण OA के बिना किया जा सकता है? इन दोनों सवालों का जवाब चिप निर्माण की निषेधात्मक लागत में निहित है, जिसमें इलेक्ट्रॉनिक डिज़ाइन ऑटोमेशन (ईडीए) टूल्स और प्रोसेस डिज़ाइन किट (पीडीके), फाउंड्री निवेश, और निष्पादन, परीक्षण और पैकेजिंग का उपयोग करके इसका डिज़ाइन शामिल है। एक एकीकृत सर्किट (आईसी) चिप का उत्पादन एक बेहद महंगा मामला है, और इसलिए, डिजाइन इंजीनियरों और उपभोक्ताओं के लिए इसे व्यवहार्य, सुलभ और किफायती बनाने के लिए इसके खर्चों को साझा करने की आवश्यकता है।

What is silicon photonics?
 

Silicon Photonics (SiPh) is a technology that is based on silicon and its seven compatible materials in various combinations like Nitride, germanium, and oxides that are used for designing and fabricating photonic integrated circuits (PICs). The seven material systems that are included in SiPh technology are as follows: Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI), Silicon Nitride (SiN), Germanium-on-Silicon (GOS), Germanium-on-Insulator (GOI), Germanium-on-Silicon Nitride (GOSN), Silicon-on-Silicon (SOS), Nitride-on-Silicon (NOSi)

सिलिकॉन फोटोनिक्स (SiPh) एक ऐसी तकनीक है जो सिलिकॉन पर आधारित है और नाइट्राइड, जर्मेनियम और ऑक्साइड जैसे विभिन्न संयोजनों में इसकी सात संगत सामग्रियों का उपयोग फोटोनिक एकीकृत सर्किट (PICs) को डिजाइन और निर्माण के लिए किया जाता है। SiPh तकनीक में शामिल सात भौतिक प्रणालियाँ इस प्रकार हैं: सिलिकॉन-ऑन-इन्सुलेटर (SOI), सिलिकॉन नाइट्राइड (SiN), जर्मेनियम-ऑन-सिलिकॉन (GOS), जर्मेनियम-ऑन-इन्सुलेटर (GOI), जर्मेनियम-ऑन -सिलिकॉन नाइट्राइड (जीओएसएन), सिलिकॉन-ऑन-सिलिकॉन (एसओएस), नाइट्राइड-ऑन-सिलिकॉन (एनओएसआई)।

Research Paper Presentation, Invited Talk, Session Chair - related Certificates

 Research Paper Presentation, Invited Talk, Session Chair-related Certificates

 

Introduce yourself?

 1-2. My name is Dr. Subhash Chand Arya and I have been working as an associate professor for the past 12 years in the Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, NEHU, Shillong.

3. Before joining NEHU, I acquired approximately six years of research experience, including three years of full-time teaching at IIT (ISM), Dhanbad, in 2004-2010.

4. I got an integrated doctoral degree. in electronics engineering on the topic of “Design and Modeling of Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier for WDM and DWDM Fiber Optic Communication System” in 2009 under the supervision of Prof. Vishnu Priye sir, who is presently the Director of IIIT Ranchi. We designed C-and L-band Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier using novel numerical methods based on SGA (Single Objective Genetic Algorithm) and Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm to estimate ASE and exploit available optical bandwidth in the range of 1525 nm to 1610 nm for optical signal amplification as an inline amplifier during my Ph.D. research. We investigated a new optical pumping scheme named SWAP for L-band EDFA for the first time for signal amplification in the unused bandwidth from 1565 nm to 1610 nm. The other benefit we got was to flatten the gain spectrum in the C-band EDFA.

5. This research topic was continued by my Ph.D. Scholar Ms. Balbindar Kaur in our ECE Department, NEHU, who was awarded Ph.D. in the previous month on Modelling and Designing of Space-Division Multiplexing based Multi-Core Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier. We could publish 3 SCI index journal publications, a few conferences publications, and a book chapter.

6. I completed one DST-SERB-funded project under a young scientist scheme on the topic of“ Silicon-based Optical Modulators for high-speed optical communication systems”  to the tune of Rs. 32.92 lakh. Under this project, about 20 researchers have been trained in three and half years, including two Ph.D.,  four M. Tech dissertations, and the rest B.Tech minor and major projects besides developing Lightwave Communication System Laboratory.

 7. My developing laboratory consists of one LightRunner, a benchtop laboratory for doing Fiber Optics related experiments, OptiSystem Simulation software for Optical Communication System-level research work, Comsol Multiphysics for Silicon Photonic Device Modeling purpose as major facilities.

8. One Ph.D. degree has been awarded to Mr. Dhiman Kakati on designing a high-speed optical communication system using advanced modulation formats and multiplexing techniques using OptiSystem simulations software, besides a few M. Tech dissertation work.

 9. Using Comsol Multiphysics, a Ph.D. thesis on the“ Design of directional coupler-based silicon optical modulator” was awarded the previous year to Mr. Himanshu Ranjan Das. This work uses plasmonic materials such as ITO and VO2 to design electro-absorption-based Silicon Optical Modulators for low footprint and high-speed optical modulation.

10. I have been teaching Digital Electronics courses to ECE and IT department students, Optical Fiber Communication for B. Tech and M. Tech, and Ph.D. students as course work.

11.   Presently, I am working towards Photonic Integrated Chip designing and fabrication using SiEPIC tools and pdk on KLayout and Multi-Project Wafer (MPW) fabless facilities and opportunities. To acquire the required skills and competencies in designing PICs, I completed five online EdX professional courses from MIT, Purdue University, and the University of British Columbia, through which I was able to design a few passive silicon photonics circuits such as Mach-Zender Interferometers, Micro-Ring Resonator, lattice filter and De-Multiplexures on SOI using CMOS fabrication facilities at Nanotool and University of Washington, USA. To have hand-on-work experience in electronic chip designing, I also have gone 15 days-training at INUP, IISc Bangalore, in 2019.

12. I served the department as Head during the year 2013-2016, and with the cooperation and support of all department members, we could start the M. Tech and Ph.D. program in 2013 onwards. Most of the publications extend my Ph.D. work on C-and L-band Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers during the assessment period. Unfortunately, during the assessment period of my CAS promotion, i.e., 2010-2013, our department did not have research-oriented programs such as M. Tech and Ph.D.; otherwise, we could have performed better the way we did it in the later period.

13. By virtue of HoD, I served in the university as a chairman of the Board of Studies, the then BPS, School Board Member, Academic Council Member, University Court member.

14. Also, I extended my services as a subject expert for the recruitment of JRF in NESAC NEHU-affiliated colleges for faculty recruitment and promotion DRC Members in NIT Meghalaya, NIT Manipur, NIT Arunachal Pradesh.

15. I delivered a few invited lectures in Optical Fiber Communication, Silicon Photonics Device, and Circuit and educational pedagogies as per the NEP-2020.

16. Finally, I am glad to share that our recent five SCI-indexed journal publications on Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers and Silicon Optical Modulators have been projected on Optics Learning Centre IIT-Delhi’s website.

17.   Thank you all for your patience in reading and expressing your interest in knowing me.

Why did I choose to work in the field of Silicon Photonics?

I started research on the topic of Design and Modeling of Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier

 for WDM and DWDM Fiber Optic Communication System in 2004 and completed

 in 2009. The research on EDFA requires mostly physics of optical light propagation

( Maxwell Equations applied to cylindrical coordinates for mode solution), doped material

characteristics (rare earth metal like Er 3+ doped fiber’s absorptions, spontaneous

 and stimulated emission rate questions, evolution equations of signal, amplified

 spontaneous emission and absorption of pump signals), numerical methods

 to solve coupled partial differential equations (e.g. 4th order Runga-Kutta Methods),

 optimization techniques (Simple Genetic Algorithm, Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithms),

and the most important use of coding on C++, Matlab and later on Java.

  After completion of my doctoral degree, I was exploring to write a project proposal

and in that, I wrote two project proposals: one as an extension of my Ph.D. work

 and a second one on Behavioral modeling of Optical Devices using

VHDL-AMS. Unfortunately, these two projects could not get sanctioned for

financial support, and meanwhile, I shifted from ISM Dhanbad to NEHU, Shillong

on the acceptance of a higher post from Assistant to Associate Professor in

 the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering (ECE).

 Thereafter, I thought to write a research proposal on some new emerging areas of

research that should be able to utilize the skills, competency, and strength

of available manpower in the department of ECE as well as not deviating from

my core area of specialization i.e., Optical Communication and compatible

 with the courses that I studied during my six years of engineering graduate

training (3 years diploma in ECE and 3 years in B.Tech.  in ECE).